2026
Onocha, Patricia A.; Oloyede, Ganiyat K.; Erakhumen, Marvellous E.; Ibok, Michael G.; Onuche, Samuel; Ikotun, Oluwatoyosi M.; Idriz, Olarewaju L.
Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of leaf and twig essential oils of Micriodesmis puberula (Pandaceae) Journal Article
In: SEODA Journal of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants , vol. 1, 2026.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Antimicrobial activity, Antioxidant activity, Chemical constituents, Essential oils, Hydrodistillation, Microdesmis puberula
@article{nokey,
title = {Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of leaf and twig essential oils of Micriodesmis puberula (Pandaceae)},
author = {Patricia A. Onocha and Ganiyat K. Oloyede and Marvellous E. Erakhumen and Michael G. Ibok and Samuel Onuche and Oluwatoyosi M. Ikotun and Olarewaju L. Idriz},
url = {https://journal.seoda.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/ARTICLE-4.pdf},
year = {2026},
date = {2026-02-15},
urldate = {2026-02-15},
journal = {SEODA Journal of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants },
volume = {1},
abstract = {Microdesmis puberula (PROTA) is widely utilised in traditional medicine across West and Central Africa for treating infections, inflammatory conditions, and reproductive disorders. This study presents the first comparative chemical and bioactivity analysis of essential oils derived from the leaves and twigs of this plant. Essential oils were extracted via hydrodistillation and characterised using GC-MS. Antimicrobial properties were assessed against six bacterial and four fungal strains using agar diffusion assays, while antioxidant activity was evaluated through DPPH free radical scavenging. The leaf and twig oils yielded 0.16% and 0.18% (w/w), respectively, and comprised 21 and 11 identified compounds, respectively. Leaf oil was dominated by non-terpenoids (43.27%), with (3E,7E)-4,8,12-trimethyltridec-1,3,7,11-tetraene as the major constituent, whereas twig oil contained high levels of fatty acids, predominantly palmitic acid (44.72%). Both oils exhibited moderate, concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity, with the twig oil showing notable inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18±0.003 - 10±0.000 mm) and Salmonella typhi (18±0.003 - 10±0.002 mm). Antioxidant evaluation revealed moderate radical-scavenging capacity, with IC₅₀ values of 1.00 μg/mL (leaf) and 1.35 μg/mL (twig). The bioactivity of the oils may be attributed to synergistic interactions among major and minor constituents. These findings support the ethnopharmacological relevance of M. puberula and highlight its potential as a natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agent.},
keywords = {Antimicrobial activity, Antioxidant activity, Chemical constituents, Essential oils, Hydrodistillation, Microdesmis puberula},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Microdesmis puberula (PROTA) is widely utilised in traditional medicine across West and Central Africa for treating infections, inflammatory conditions, and reproductive disorders. This study presents the first comparative chemical and bioactivity analysis of essential oils derived from the leaves and twigs of this plant. Essential oils were extracted via hydrodistillation and characterised using GC-MS. Antimicrobial properties were assessed against six bacterial and four fungal strains using agar diffusion assays, while antioxidant activity was evaluated through DPPH free radical scavenging. The leaf and twig oils yielded 0.16% and 0.18% (w/w), respectively, and comprised 21 and 11 identified compounds, respectively. Leaf oil was dominated by non-terpenoids (43.27%), with (3E,7E)-4,8,12-trimethyltridec-1,3,7,11-tetraene as the major constituent, whereas twig oil contained high levels of fatty acids, predominantly palmitic acid (44.72%). Both oils exhibited moderate, concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity, with the twig oil showing notable inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18±0.003 - 10±0.000 mm) and Salmonella typhi (18±0.003 - 10±0.002 mm). Antioxidant evaluation revealed moderate radical-scavenging capacity, with IC₅₀ values of 1.00 μg/mL (leaf) and 1.35 μg/mL (twig). The bioactivity of the oils may be attributed to synergistic interactions among major and minor constituents. These findings support the ethnopharmacological relevance of M. puberula and highlight its potential as a natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agent.
Oloyede, Ganiyat K.; Onocha, Patricia A.; Olatunji, Mokanjuola A.; Ibok, Michael G.; Fashola, Abdul-Qowiy A.; Adepoju, Mariam A.; Ojo, Caleb O.; Olalusi, Oluwafemi O.
In: SEODA Journal of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants , vol. 1, 2026.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl, brine shrimp lethality assay, Essential oils, Homalium africanum, radical assay, Shorea roxburghii
@article{Oloyede2026,
title = {Chemical constituents and biological activities of essential oils of leaves and stem of Homalium africanum (Hook. F) Benth (Flacourtiaceae) and Shorea roxburghii G. Don (Dipterocarpaceae)},
author = {Ganiyat K. Oloyede and Patricia A. Onocha and Mokanjuola A. Olatunji and Michael G. Ibok and Abdul-Qowiy A. Fashola and Mariam A. Adepoju and Caleb O. Ojo and Oluwafemi O. Olalusi},
url = {https://journal.seoda.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/ARTICLE-6.pdf},
year = {2026},
date = {2026-02-15},
urldate = {2026-02-15},
journal = {SEODA Journal of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants },
volume = {1},
abstract = {Homalium africanum (Hook. F) Benth (Flacourtiaceae) and Shorea roxburghii G.Don (Dipterocarpaceae) are used in the treatment of malaria, cholera, degenerative and inflammatory diseases. This study was carried out to evaluate the chemical constituents, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity of the essential oils (EOs) of leaves and stems of both plants. H. africanum (HA) and S. roxburghii (SR) were collected and authenticated at Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria. The EOs were extracted by hydro-distillation. The chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity of the EOs were carried out using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-phenylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), broth dilution method and brine shrimp lethality assays, respectively. Also, the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) were determined. GC-MS analyses of the EOs from H. africanum gave twenty-six compounds for the leaf (76.64%) and sixteen compounds for the stem (35.77%). Leaf and stem EOs were dominated with 2-hexanol (6.06%) and benzaldehyde (43.43%), respectively. S. roxburghii EOs revealed a total of forty-two compounds for leaf (73.99%) and fourteen compounds for the stem (76.64%). Leaf EO was dominated with caryophyllene oxide (8.85%) and 1H-cyclopropazulen-7-ol (8.62%) and stem EO with α- and β- phellandrene (36.02%) and limonene (26.16%). The EOs of leaves and stem of both plants showed moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 (mg/ml) of 1.51, 2.64 (HA) and 1.50, 1.73 (SR), respectively; moderate inhibitory (MIC μg/ml: 0.39-50) and microbicidal activity (MMC μg/ml: 0.39-25-HA, 1.56-50-SR) against all microbes used except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Apergillus niger. The EOs of leaves and stem of both plants were cytotoxic, with LC50 (μg/ml) of 5.1470, 3.465 (HA) and 4.69, 5.767 (SR), respectively. The results corroborate the plants’ ethno-medicinal uses.},
keywords = {2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl, brine shrimp lethality assay, Essential oils, Homalium africanum, radical assay, Shorea roxburghii},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Homalium africanum (Hook. F) Benth (Flacourtiaceae) and Shorea roxburghii G.Don (Dipterocarpaceae) are used in the treatment of malaria, cholera, degenerative and inflammatory diseases. This study was carried out to evaluate the chemical constituents, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity of the essential oils (EOs) of leaves and stems of both plants. H. africanum (HA) and S. roxburghii (SR) were collected and authenticated at Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria. The EOs were extracted by hydro-distillation. The chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity of the EOs were carried out using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-phenylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), broth dilution method and brine shrimp lethality assays, respectively. Also, the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) were determined. GC-MS analyses of the EOs from H. africanum gave twenty-six compounds for the leaf (76.64%) and sixteen compounds for the stem (35.77%). Leaf and stem EOs were dominated with 2-hexanol (6.06%) and benzaldehyde (43.43%), respectively. S. roxburghii EOs revealed a total of forty-two compounds for leaf (73.99%) and fourteen compounds for the stem (76.64%). Leaf EO was dominated with caryophyllene oxide (8.85%) and 1H-cyclopropazulen-7-ol (8.62%) and stem EO with α- and β- phellandrene (36.02%) and limonene (26.16%). The EOs of leaves and stem of both plants showed moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 (mg/ml) of 1.51, 2.64 (HA) and 1.50, 1.73 (SR), respectively; moderate inhibitory (MIC μg/ml: 0.39-50) and microbicidal activity (MMC μg/ml: 0.39-25-HA, 1.56-50-SR) against all microbes used except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Apergillus niger. The EOs of leaves and stem of both plants were cytotoxic, with LC50 (μg/ml) of 5.1470, 3.465 (HA) and 4.69, 5.767 (SR), respectively. The results corroborate the plants’ ethno-medicinal uses.